SQL Server is available in various editions. To maintain production, development, and test environments separately.To install different versions in one machine.50 instances will supported in 2005 and later versions.16 instances will be supported in 2000 version.Default instance service name is MSSQLSERVER.Default instance will take the server name as Instance name.Multiple named instances will be supported in one Server.
Only one default instance will be supported in one Server. There are two types of instances in SQL Server a) Default b) Named. If we install 'n' times, then 'n' instances will be created. An instance is an exact copy of the same software. An instance is an installation of SQL Server. Example: SQL Server, SQL Server Agent, SSIS, SSAS, SSRS, SQL browser, SQL Server full text search etc. Server components are installed in centralized server. Example: SSMS, SSCM, Profiler, BIDS, SQLEM etc. These are just interfaces to interact with Server components. Workstation components are installed in every device/SQL Server operator’s machine. SQL Server works in client-server architecture, hence it supports two types of components − (a) Workstation and (b) Server. To carry out ETL operations through SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS). To generate reports through SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS). 
To analyze the data through SQL Server Analysis Services (SSAS). It supports SQL (SEQUEL) language which is an IBM product, non-procedural, common database and case insensitive language. It is both GUI and command based software. It is a software, developed by Microsoft, which is implemented from the specification of RDBMS. This chapter introduces SQL Server, discusses its usage, advantages, versions, and components.
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